Antiatherogenic drugs
This information is not intended for purposes of treatment without physician.
Medicinal properties
It is known that an increase in cholesterol level in the plasma of the blood leads to the development of the ischemic disease of heart and other illnesses of cardiovascular system. The rational application of means, which regulate cholesterol level, different lipoproteins, triglycerides and phospholipids, can render preventive and therapeutic action with these widely widespread illnesses.
As a rule, hypolipidemic means are used in the complex therapy of the diseases, which are accompanied or caused by the disturbances of lipid exchange (especially the diseases of cardiovascular system). The selection of preparation is determined by the type of hyperlipoproteinemia, by the clinical picture of disease, by effectiveness and transference of preparation.
Classification
Basic contemporary hypolipidemic means are the preparations of the following groups:
1) Anion exchange resins, or sequestering agents of bilious acids.
2) Nicotinic acid and some of its derivatives.
3) Fibrates - derivatives of fibric acid.
4) Probucol.
5) Inhibitors of the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase (statins), for example Lovastatin.
All these preparations are nonequivalent. The derivatives of fibric acid (clofibrate) practically ceased to be used because of the frequent complications and the side effects. They are assigned in the rare cases with the isolated increase in the triglycerides in combination with the low level HDL (lipoproteins of high density), also, under a constant control of doctor.
Nicotinic acid, in particular niacin, relates to the vitamins of group B for a decrease in the level of its lipids they use at the large doses - to 5 g during the day, which is frequently accompanied by side-line phenomena. This limits its use.
As the hypolipidemic means are used the ion-exchange resins. Decreasing the suction of bilious acids in the bowels, they lead to a reduction of the content of cholesterol in the blood, but they can increase the level of triglycerides - another class of the carriers of cholesterol. They do not produce system side effects, since they are not sucked in the bowels; however, their method is accompanied by stomachic disorders.
Probucol - only preparation in its group. Increasing destruction LDL (low density lipoproteins), it reduces the content of general cholesterol in the plasma and suppresses its synthesis at the early stages. The method of probucol is also accompanied by digestive disturbances.
Most optimally on the effectiveness grow prettier transference the lipid-lowering effect of statins. The mechanism of their action is connected with the oppression of the fermentative formation of cholesterol and a reduction of the content of the lipoproteins of low density (LDL). In this case an increase in the atherosclerotic platelets is retarded, even their most reverse possible development.
Furthermore, in the treatment of atherosclerosis they adapt as the additional preparations of menetol, lipostabil, polisponin, peribusponin and others.