Antihypertensive (hypotensive) means
This information is not intended for purposes of treatment without physician.
Description of the pharmacological group
Preparations, which decrease the arterial pressure
Medicinal properties
Anti-hypertensive (hypotensive) means are medicines of different chemical groups, which decrease system arterial pressure and which are adapted for treatment and preventive maintenance of arterial hypertensions, stopping of the hypertonic crises and other pathologic states, at basis of which lies the spasm of peripheral blood vessels.
Classification
The mechanism of the action of hypotensive means is determined by the degree of their influence on the regulation of the tone of vessels. As a result this the medicines, which decrease arterial pressure, can be divided into the following groups:
1) the means, which influence in the vasomotor (vasomotor) centers of brain (clonidine (Combipres), methyldopa, guanfacine);
2) the means, which block conducting nervous excitation at the level of vegetative ganglia (benzohexonium, pentaminum and other ganglion-blocking preparations);
3) the sympatholytic means, which block the presynaptic ends of adrenergic neurons (guanethidine);
4) the means, which suppress alpha-, are beta- and beta+alfa- adrenoreceptors (phentolamine, tropodifene, prazosin, inderal, ateenolol, labetalol, proxodolol and others alpha- and beta-blockers);
5) the myotropic preparations of hypotensive action (papaverine, no-spa, etc.);
6) the antagonists of calcium channels;
7) the blockers of the angiotensin- converting ferment (Captopril, Ramipril (altace), quinapril (accupro), cilazapril (inhibace), Coversyl (prestarium) and of others);
8) the preparations of the group of prostaglandins (prostin VR);
9) the antagonists of aldosterone (spironolactone);
10) diuretic means;
11) the combined preparations.
Antihypertensive tools are used to treat and prevent hypertension, edema crises