Vasodilators of the admixed action
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Description of the pharmacological group
Vasodilators of the mixed action
To the vasodilators of the mixed action, i.e., to the medicines, which realize their effects both at the level of resistance (arteries), and capacitive (veins) vessels, relates the preparation nitroprusside sodium.
Nitroprussid sodium is the powerful vaso-dilatator of short action, which, enlarging arterial and venous vessels, decreases total peripheral vascular resistance and decreases the venous recovery to the heart it, i.e., reduces preliminary and afterload to the myocardium. This system action of preparation leads to the essential unloading of heart, decreasing the need of myocardium for oxygen, improvement in the intracardiac hemodynamics, increase in the effectiveness in the work of heart, dose-dependent lowering in the arterial pressure (its level it is reduced depending on the dose of the intravenously introduced preparation).
The mechanism of the action of nitroprusside of sodium is analogous to the mechanism of the action of organic nitrates and is caused by the presence in it of the properties of the donor of the oxide of nitrogen (NO).
In the clinical practice nitroprusside of sodium is used only intravenously for stopping of heavy hypertonic crises, treatment of the heavy forms of heart insufficiency, and also for the controlled hypotonia during the surgical interventions. Against the background the application of preparation is possible the development of tachycardia, head be ill, muscular fasciculation (from Lat. fasciculatio - involuntary reduction of muscular fibers).