Medicinal substances

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The medicines

Medicines are called the substances used in certain doses to treat any disease or to prevent it.

Hepatotropic means

Hepatotropic means were pooled into three groups of drugs used specifically for the treatment of diseases of liver and biliary tract: 1) Bile means, 2) hepatoprotective drugs; 3) holelito lytic tools.

Bile-expelling means increase the secretion of bile and they contribute to its output into the duodenum.

Hepatoprotective means improve metabolic processes in the liver, are stable to increasing its pathogenic effects, accelerate the restoration of its functions during different damages.

Holelitolytic means contribute to the dissolution of bilious stones.

Means, used during the disturbance of the function of stomach, duodenum and the pancreas

The diseases of stomach, duodenum and pancreas (chronic gastritis and duodenitis, stomach ulcer and the duodenum, chronic pancreatitis) - frequently meeting disease of digestive system, with which are disrupted the processes of the physiological regeneration of the mucous membrane of stomach and bowels, disorder of their motor function and fermentation insufficiency of the pancreas.

As the pathogenetic therapy with an increase in acid-peptic factor are used the means, which neutralize the hydrochloric acid; the means, which decrease the production of hydrochloric acid, the inhibitors of N⁺, K⁺ - ATPases, the selective blockers of peripheral M-choline receptors, the synthetic analogs of prostaglandin E₁ synthetic peptide); the activators of the processes of the regeneration of mucous membrane and of the means, which protect it from the chemical and mechanical damage; the means, which render bactericidal action on Helicobacter of pylori; the preparations, which adapt as the substitute therapy with the fermentative insufficiency of the stomach and the pancreas.

Means, which regulate the metabolic processes

Hormones, their analogs and the antihormones

Hormones are biologically active materials, which regulate metabolic processes in the organism, the functional state of systems and organs.

Fermentation preparations and the inhibitors of the ferments

Fermentation preparations found their use in the treatment of oncologic diseases (asparaginase), diseases of the organs of digestion, diseases of the respiratory tract, during the disturbance of the coagulability of the blood, for accelerating the rejection of the necrotized tissues after burns and freezings, in orthopedic, traumatological, neurosurgical practice and others

Preparations for preventive maintenance and treating osteoporosis

Biogenic stimulators and the different biogenic means

Biogenic stimulators are used for normalizing the emergent damage of the functions of organs and tissues as a result of mechanical damages, dystrophic processes owing to the infections, intoxications, nervous overvoltage, acute hypoxia and other traumatic agents.

Biogenic stimulators are intended for accelerating the processes of reduction and rehabilitation of organism. Many medicines possess similar properties (anabolic means, vitamins and other). Besides reparative properties these preparations possess even more antiseptic and antipyretic action.

General toning preparations

The group of the general toning preparations includes the medicines, which manifest their action only with their prolonged designation. While there is a gradual improvement in the functions of central nervous system, glands of internal secretion, gastrointestinal tract and other, decreased as a result wasting, severe infectious illnesses, overstrain, asthenia and the rest rises also general resistibility and the endurance of organism to the unfavorable actions, the physical and mental loads and the like predominantly these preparations possess grow prettier by transference, they are slightly toxic and they can be assigned to the persons of elderly age.

Preparations, which stimulate the immunity

This group includes the medicines, which stimulate the processes of cellular and humoral immunity.

Immunostimulators use with the infectious and infectious- inflammatory diseases, with in smoldering regeneration processes (sharp and chronic purulent and necrotic states, burn disease, severe injuries, trophic ulcers), after beam or cytostatic therapy in oncologic patients, with lymphoid leukosis, lymphogranulomatosis, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis and other

Preparations with the immunodepressive action (immunosuppressive)

Manifestation of pathological hyperimmune reaction is an allergy, which pealizuetsya in the form of two types of reactions: immediate and slow.. In the development of immediate type allergies primary meaning has the damage of humoral immunity (liberation from the basophils and the fat cells of the mediators of allergy, which change the function of organs and tissues). Clinically this type of reaction is manifested by hives, Quincke's edema, by senna by fever, bronchial asthma, anaphylactic shock and others

The preparations, used with these states (cytostatics, glucocorticoid preparations, antilymphocytic sera, nonsteroid antipyretic means, the preparations of the basic therapy of collagenoses and others), suppress the reactions of immune cells, the proliferation of lymphocytes, the synthesis of antibodies, and they also decrease the damage of cloths.

Medicine are used to treat cardiovascular diseases